Background: Nasopharyngeal carriage (NPC) of Streptococcus pneumoniae is a precondition for pneumococcal disease and a source of transmission. This trial evaluated NPC of S. pneumoniae and other pathogens post-vaccination with the pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected (HIV+), HIV-exposed-uninfected (HEU), and HIV-unexposed-uninfected (HUU) South African children.

Author List: Madhi SA, Moreira M, Koen A, van Niekerk N, de Gouveia L, Jose L, Cutland CL, François N, Schoonbroodt S, Ruiz-Guiñazú J, Yarzabal JP, Borys D, Schuerman L.

Journal Name: Vaccine. 2020 Feb 28;38(10):2350-2360. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.062. Epub 2020 Feb 5. PMID: 32035706.